Bedwetting Handler for People with Special Needs

Abstract

This research aims to address and propose an efficient solution of the problem of bedwetting that faces people with special needs, such as paralyzed, elderly, and children. Our proposed device can be used in hospitals, shelters, nurseries, houses, etc. either personally or with the help of others. This paper deals with the design and implementation of an efficient device which addresses this phenomenon. The device is based on a sensor of enuresis onset and notifies those responsible for the target group that enables them to bypass this problem. Several physicians and specialists in this field as well as hospitals and related institutions have been consulted who stressed the importance and benefits of this device. In summary, the device proceeds as follows; urination begins by sending a nerve impulse to the bladder muscle to open the valve, then the urine drops start to get out. At this moment, the sensor is wetted leading to voltage change in sensor's resistance (i.e. short-circuit) that operates a microcontroller that runs a buzzer and a vibrator. The vibrator alerts the patient, and the buzzer alerts his assistant. It also runs a transmitter to connect via RF433 to another microcontroller that provides extra features. Hence, we merged two important features. The first facilitates the notification from distance through a phone call to the responsible person using a SIM in a GSM Shield connected with this microcontroller. The second lit the room through another command to a high-voltage relay connected to a lamp. We also programmed the device to perform the above tasks accurately.