Email this article 
Open Access
Subscription or Fee Access
Effect of Differential Processing on Elimination of Oligosaccharides in Canavalia Beans
Abstract
The present study reveals the presence of substantial
levels of oligosaccharides, verbascose, stachyose and raffinose,in all the investigated seven germplasm seed materials of the tribal pulses , Canavalia ensiformis DC and Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.). The oligosaccharides are implicated in flatus production. Therefore the differential processing methods like soaking followed by cooking and treatment with crude α – galactosidase (enzyme) are undertaken. Between these two processing methods , treatment with crude enzyme (α – galactosidase) appears to be more effective in significant reduction in levels of oligosaccharides, raffinose ranging from 77.94% to 82.72% , stachyose ranging from 67.57% to 73.56% and verbascose ranging from 78.67% to 81.40% .
Keywords
References
Altschul AM (ed) (1974) New Protein Foods . London: Academic Press.
Birch GG, Parker KJ , Worgen JT (eds) (1975) Food From Waste , London : Applied Science Publishers.
Bressani,R., Brenes,R.G., Garcia,A. and Elias, L.G.1987. Chemical composition, amino acid content and the protein quality of Canavalia spp. Seeds . J.Sci.Food Agric.40:17-23.
Fleming, S.E. 1981a. A study of relationships between flatus potential
and carbohydrate distribution in legume seeds. J. Food Sci.46:794- 798,803.
Hellendroon, E.W. 1969. Intestinal effects following ingestion of beans. Food Technology.23:p.87.
Janardhanan , K., Vadivel , V. and Pugalenthi, M. 2003. Biodiversity in Indian under- exploited /tribal pulses – A Review . In : Biotechnology for the Improvement of legumes .(Eds) Jaiwal, P.K. and Singh, R.P., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht/Boston/London.
Janardhanan.K and Gurumoorthi.,P. (in press)Velvet bean:as source of
food, feed andpharmaceuticals,WisdomPublishers,Chennai,India.
Jood, S., Mehta, U., Singh,R. and Bhat, C.M.1985. Effect of processing on flatus producing factors in legumes .J.Agric Food Chem. 33:268-271
Misra ,PN, Misra PS (1987), Amino acid profile of winged bea(Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L) DC) A rich souce of vegetable protein .Plant Foods Hum Nutr 37: 261-264
Mittra, V.1991. Wild plants in Indian folk life – a historical perspective .
In contributions to Ethnobotany of India .(Ed.) S.K.Jain,Scientific Publishers,Jodhpur.India p37-58.
Mohan, V.R and Janardhanan, K.1994. The biochemical composition and nutrient assessment of less known pulses of the genus Canavalia .Inter .J. Food Sci . Nutr . 45: 255-262
Molina,M.R., Argueta, C.E . and Bressani, R. 1974. Extraction of nitrogenous constituents from the jack bean (Canavalia
ensiformis).J.Agric.Food Chem 22:309-312.
Mulimani, V.H.,Thippeswamy ,S and Ramalingam (1997).Enzymatic degradation of oligosaccharides in soy bean flour Food Chem.59:279- 282.
Onigbinde ,A.O and Akinyele, I.O. 1983.oligosaccharide content of 20 varieties of cowpea in Nigeria .J. Food Sci. 48: 1250-,1254.
Phillips,R.D., Abbey. B.W. and Nnanna, J.A. 1988. A system for determining flatus (hydrogen) production in laboratory rats . Nutr. Rep .International. 37: 623-628.
Pugalenthi, M.(2001) , Biochemical studies in certain tribal pulses from Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats , South India . Ph.D Thesis submitted to Bharathiyar University , Coimbatore , India.
Rajaram , N. and Janardhanan ,K.1992. Nutritional and chemical evaluation of raw seeds of Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC. and C.ensiformis DC : The underutilized food and fodder crops in India Plant Foods Hum.Nutr. .42: 329-336
Shivanna, B.D., Ramakrishna, M. and Ramadoss, C.S.1989. Enzymatic hydrolysis of raffinose and stachyose in soy milk by α –galactosidase from germinating guar (Cymopsis tetragonolobus). Process Biochem-24: 197-201.
Somiari, R.I. and Balogh, E.1993. Effect of soaking , cooking and crude α-galactosidase treatment on oligosaccharide content of cowpea flours .J. Sci Food Agric.61: 339-343.
Steggerda, F,R. 1968. Gastro intestinal gas following food consumption Ann. NY.Acad . Sci . 150:57-66.
.Steggerda.F.R . and Dimmick, J.F.1966. Effects of bean diets on concentration of Co2 in flatus . Am . J. Clin.19:p . 120.
Tanaka, M., Thananunkul, D., Lee, T.C and Chichester, C.O.1975 . A simplified method for the quantitative determination of sucrose, raffinose and stachyose in legume seeds. J. Food Sci. 40: 1087-1090.
Vadivel, V. and Janardhanan, K. 2001. Diversity in chemical composition of wild jack bean ( Canavalia ensiformis L. DC) seeds collected from South India .Food Chem.74:507-511.
Van Ettan C.H, Kwdek WF, Peters JE and Barclay AS (1967): Plant seed protein sources for food or feed . Evaluation based on amino acid composition of 379 species J. Agri . Food Chem. 15: 1077-1084.
Vishnu Mittra.1981. Wild plants in Indian Folk Life – A historical perspective . In: (Ed) Jain , S.K. Glimpses of Indian Ethanobotany.Oxford & IBH Publishing Co ., New Delhi . pp 337 – 58 .
Wagner. J.R., Becker, R., Gumbmann, M.R. and olson , A.C. 1976. Hydrogen production in the rat following ingestion of raffinose, stachyose and oligosaccharide free bean residue . J. Nutr. 106: 466-470.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.